Sensitive teeth can occur due to various reasons. Here are some common causes:

1. Tooth enamel erosion: The outer layer of your teeth is called enamel, which protects the underlying sensitive dentin. If the enamel wears down or gets eroded, it can expose the dentin, leading to tooth sensitivity. Enamel erosion can result from factors like acidic foods and drinks, aggressive brushing, tooth grinding, or certain dental conditions.
2. Gum recession: The gum tissue may naturally recede or pull back from the teeth over time. When this happens, the tooth roots become exposed, which are not covered by protective enamel. These roots contain small tubules that connect to the nerves, making them more sensitive to temperature and pressure.
3. Tooth decay: Cavities or dental caries can develop when the tooth enamel is damaged by plaque bacteria. If decay progresses and reaches the tooth's inner layers, it can cause sensitivity as the nerves within the tooth become irritated.
4. Teeth grinding (bruxism): Clenching or grinding your teeth can wear down the enamel, leading to tooth sensitivity. Bruxism can occur during sleep or when awake and is often related to stress, anxiety, or an abnormal bite.
5. Dental procedures: Certain dental treatments, such as teeth whitening, dental fillings, or crown placements, can cause temporary tooth sensitivity. This sensitivity usually subsides on its own after a short period.
6. Cracked teeth: When a tooth is cracked or fractured, it can expose the sensitive dentin and cause tooth sensitivity. Cracks can result from trauma, biting on hard objects, or weakening of the tooth due to large fillings.
7. Acidic foods and drinks: Regular consumption of acidic foods and beverages like citrus fruits, soda, or acidic juices can erode the enamel and contribute to tooth sensitivity.

It's important to note that tooth sensitivity can be a symptom of an underlying dental problem. If you're experiencing persistent or severe sensitivity, it's advisable to visit a dentist for a proper evaluation and appropriate treatment. They can identify the cause of your sensitivity and recommend the best course of action to alleviate your discomfort.

Improving your oral hygiene routine can help alleviate tooth sensitivity in some cases, but it may not completely eliminate it, depending on the underlying cause. Here's how good oral hygiene practices can contribute to reducing tooth sensitivity:

1. Brushing technique: Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and brushing gently in a circular motion helps prevent further enamel erosion and gum recession. Avoid brushing too aggressively, as it can worsen sensitivity.
2. Desensitizing toothpaste: There are toothpaste formulations specifically designed for sensitive teeth. These toothpastes usually contain ingredients like potassium nitrate, stannous fluoride, or strontium chloride, which can help reduce tooth sensitivity over time. Using such toothpaste consistently as part of your oral hygiene routine can provide relief.
3. Fluoride mouthwash or gel: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and can help reduce sensitivity. Incorporating a fluoride mouthwash or gel into your routine, as recommended by your dentist, can be beneficial.
4. Avoiding acidic foods and drinks: Limiting your consumption of acidic foods and beverages can prevent further enamel erosion and reduce tooth sensitivity. Opt for a balanced diet that includes a variety of non-acidic foods.
5. Proper dental care: Regular visits to your dental office for check-ups and cleanings are essential. A professional cleaning can remove plaque and tartar buildup, which can contribute to tooth sensitivity. Additionally, your dentist can identify any underlying dental issues causing sensitivity and provide appropriate treatment.

While maintaining good oral hygiene is important, it's worth noting that tooth sensitivity may require additional treatments depending on the specific cause. If your sensitivity persists or worsens despite a good hygiene routine, it's advisable to consult with a dentist. They can assess your condition, identify the root cause, and recommend suitable treatments, such as fluoride varnishes and other dental procedures tailored to your needs.